| Titre : | On Killing: The Psychological Cost of Learning to Kill in War and Society | | Type de document : | texte imprimé | | Auteurs : | Lt. Col. Dave GROSSMAN | | Année de publication : | 2009 | | Importance : | 400 | | ISBN/ISSN/EAN : | 978-0-316-33011-4 | | Catégories : | Apprentissage
Guerre
Meurtre
Mort
| | Mots-clés : | Guerre Mort Apprentissage Meurtre | | Résumé : | From Publishers Weekly Drawing on interviews, published personal accounts and academic studies, Grossman investigates the psychology of killing in combat. Stressing that human beings have a powerful, innate resistance to the taking of life, he examines the techniques developed by the military to overcome that aversion. His provocative study focuses in particular on the Vietnam war, revealing how the American soldier was "enabled to kill to a far greater degree than any other soldier in history." Grossman argues that the breakdown of American society, combined with the pervasive violence in the media and interactive video games, is conditioning our children to kill in a manner siimilar to the army's conditioning of soldiers: "We are reaching that stage of desensitization at which the infliction of pain and suffering has become a source of entertainment: vicarious pleasure rather than revulsion. We are learning to kill, and we are learning to like it." Grossman, a professor of military science at Arkansas State University, has written a study of relevance to a society of escalating violence. Copyright 1995 Reed Business Information, Inc. --This text refers to an out of print or unavailable edition of this title. From Library Journal Grossman (psychology, West Point) presents three important hypotheses: 1) That humans possess the reluctance to kill their own kind; 2) that this reluctance can be systematically broken down by use of standard conditioning techniques; and 3) that the reaction of "normal" (e.g., non-psychopathic) soliders to having killed in close combat can be best understood as a series of "stages" similar to the ubiquitous Kubler-Ross stages of reaction to life-threatening disease. While some of the evidence to support his theories have been previously presented by military historians (most notably, John Keegan), this systematic examination of the individual soldier's behavior, like all good scientific theory making, leads to a series of useful explanations for a variety of phenomena, such as the high rate of post traumatic stress disorders among Vietnam veterans, why the rate of aggravated assault continues to climb, and why civilian populations that have endured heavy bombing in warfare do not have high incidents of mental illness. This important book deserves a wide readership. Essential for all libraries serving military personnel or veterans, including most public libraries. Mary Ann Hughes, Neill P.L., Pullman, Wash. Copyright 1995 Reed Business Information, Inc. --This text refers to an out of print or unavailable edition of this title. From Booklist What makes soldiers kill--or not--animates this intriguing survey by a psychologist and former U.S. Army officer. Grossman reveals that only a fraction of soldiers kill during warfare (and feel revulsion when they do); the rest (about 85 percent in World War II) resist by missing the target or refusing to fire. With an eye to the military command's imperative of overcoming that innate resistance, Grossman quotes numerous anecdotes that exemplify the phenomenon and studies that examine it. With such knowledge, the military has implemented training that gets firing rates up to 90 percent of soldiers, but the psychic cost of blazing away for real is heavy. Individually, a killer goes through thrill-remorse-rationalization stages; socially, the killer needs reassurance and if it is not received, will suffer post-traumatic stress syndrome, characteristic of Vietnam veterans. Grossman concludes his findings of "enabling factors" in killing by identifying them at work in the rampant violence afflicting American society. A book that requires some steely fortitude to finish, but once done, On Killing delivers insights on human nature that are both gratifying and repelling. Gilbert Taylor --This text refers to an out of print or unavailable edition of this title. Product Description Lt. Col. Dave Grossman draws unsettling, even sinister parallels between the psychological conditioning required to make soldiers kill in war and the similar effect that videos, films, games and movies have in civilian society. About the Author A former army Ranger and paratrooper, Lt. Col. Dave Grossman taught psychology at West Point and was the professor of Military Science at Arkansas State University. --This text refers to an alternate Paperback edition. Introduction à l'édition brochée Si vous êtes une vierge préparant votre nuit de noces, si vous ou votre partenaire avez des difficultés sexuelles, ou si vous êtes seulement curieux... alors vous trouverez des centaines de livres pédagogiques sur la sexualité. Mais si vous êtes un jeune soldat " vierge " ou un officier mobilisé prévoyant son baptême du feu, si vous êtes un vétéran, (ou l'épouse d'un vétéran) qui est troublé par les expériences du meurtre, ou si vous êtes seulement curieux... alors, sur ce sujet, il n'existe absolument rien de disponible. Jusqu'à maintenant. Il y plus de cent ans Ardant du Picq écrivit Battle Studies, dans lequel il intégra des données provenant à la fois d'histoires anciennes et d'inspections d'officiers français pour établir les fondements de ce qu'il voyait comme une tendance majoritaire à la non participation dans la guerre. À partir de son expérience comme historien officiel du théâtre des opérations de la seconde guerre mondiale, le Brigadier Général S. L. A. Marshall écrivit Men Against Fire, dans lequel il fit quelques observations cruciales sur la proportion de tirs parmi les hommes en guerre. En 1976 John Keegan écrivit son définitif Face of Battle à nouveau exclusivement consacré à la guerre. Avec Acts of War, Richard Holmes écrivit un livre clé explorant la nature de la guerre. Mais le lien entre meurtre et guerre est comme le lien entre sexe et parenté. En effet, cette dernière analogie [Indeed, this last analogy applies across the board] Tous les auteurs précédents ont écrit des livres sur les liens de parenté (c'est à dire, la guerre), tandis que ce livre traite de l'acte lui-même : du meurtre. Ces auteurs précédents ont examiné les mécanismes généraux et la nature de la guerre, mais même avec tous ces traités, aucun n'a pénétré la nature spécifique de l'acte de tuer : l'intimité et l'impact psychologique de l'acte, les phases de l'acte, les implications sociales et psychologiques et les répercussions de l'acte, et les désordres résultants (incluant l'impuissance et l'obsession). On Killing est une humble tentative pour rectifier cela. Et ce faisant, il dessine une nouvelle et rassurante conclusion sur la nature humaine : en dépit d'une tradition ininterrompue de violence et de guerre, l'homme n'est par nature pas un tueur. |
On Killing: The Psychological Cost of Learning to Kill in War and Society [texte imprimé] / Lt. Col. Dave GROSSMAN . - 2009 . - 400. ISBN : 978-0-316-33011-4 | Catégories : | Apprentissage
Guerre
Meurtre
Mort
| | Mots-clés : | Guerre Mort Apprentissage Meurtre | | Résumé : | From Publishers Weekly Drawing on interviews, published personal accounts and academic studies, Grossman investigates the psychology of killing in combat. Stressing that human beings have a powerful, innate resistance to the taking of life, he examines the techniques developed by the military to overcome that aversion. His provocative study focuses in particular on the Vietnam war, revealing how the American soldier was "enabled to kill to a far greater degree than any other soldier in history." Grossman argues that the breakdown of American society, combined with the pervasive violence in the media and interactive video games, is conditioning our children to kill in a manner siimilar to the army's conditioning of soldiers: "We are reaching that stage of desensitization at which the infliction of pain and suffering has become a source of entertainment: vicarious pleasure rather than revulsion. We are learning to kill, and we are learning to like it." Grossman, a professor of military science at Arkansas State University, has written a study of relevance to a society of escalating violence. Copyright 1995 Reed Business Information, Inc. --This text refers to an out of print or unavailable edition of this title. From Library Journal Grossman (psychology, West Point) presents three important hypotheses: 1) That humans possess the reluctance to kill their own kind; 2) that this reluctance can be systematically broken down by use of standard conditioning techniques; and 3) that the reaction of "normal" (e.g., non-psychopathic) soliders to having killed in close combat can be best understood as a series of "stages" similar to the ubiquitous Kubler-Ross stages of reaction to life-threatening disease. While some of the evidence to support his theories have been previously presented by military historians (most notably, John Keegan), this systematic examination of the individual soldier's behavior, like all good scientific theory making, leads to a series of useful explanations for a variety of phenomena, such as the high rate of post traumatic stress disorders among Vietnam veterans, why the rate of aggravated assault continues to climb, and why civilian populations that have endured heavy bombing in warfare do not have high incidents of mental illness. This important book deserves a wide readership. Essential for all libraries serving military personnel or veterans, including most public libraries. Mary Ann Hughes, Neill P.L., Pullman, Wash. Copyright 1995 Reed Business Information, Inc. --This text refers to an out of print or unavailable edition of this title. From Booklist What makes soldiers kill--or not--animates this intriguing survey by a psychologist and former U.S. Army officer. Grossman reveals that only a fraction of soldiers kill during warfare (and feel revulsion when they do); the rest (about 85 percent in World War II) resist by missing the target or refusing to fire. With an eye to the military command's imperative of overcoming that innate resistance, Grossman quotes numerous anecdotes that exemplify the phenomenon and studies that examine it. With such knowledge, the military has implemented training that gets firing rates up to 90 percent of soldiers, but the psychic cost of blazing away for real is heavy. Individually, a killer goes through thrill-remorse-rationalization stages; socially, the killer needs reassurance and if it is not received, will suffer post-traumatic stress syndrome, characteristic of Vietnam veterans. Grossman concludes his findings of "enabling factors" in killing by identifying them at work in the rampant violence afflicting American society. A book that requires some steely fortitude to finish, but once done, On Killing delivers insights on human nature that are both gratifying and repelling. Gilbert Taylor --This text refers to an out of print or unavailable edition of this title. Product Description Lt. Col. Dave Grossman draws unsettling, even sinister parallels between the psychological conditioning required to make soldiers kill in war and the similar effect that videos, films, games and movies have in civilian society. About the Author A former army Ranger and paratrooper, Lt. Col. Dave Grossman taught psychology at West Point and was the professor of Military Science at Arkansas State University. --This text refers to an alternate Paperback edition. Introduction à l'édition brochée Si vous êtes une vierge préparant votre nuit de noces, si vous ou votre partenaire avez des difficultés sexuelles, ou si vous êtes seulement curieux... alors vous trouverez des centaines de livres pédagogiques sur la sexualité. Mais si vous êtes un jeune soldat " vierge " ou un officier mobilisé prévoyant son baptême du feu, si vous êtes un vétéran, (ou l'épouse d'un vétéran) qui est troublé par les expériences du meurtre, ou si vous êtes seulement curieux... alors, sur ce sujet, il n'existe absolument rien de disponible. Jusqu'à maintenant. Il y plus de cent ans Ardant du Picq écrivit Battle Studies, dans lequel il intégra des données provenant à la fois d'histoires anciennes et d'inspections d'officiers français pour établir les fondements de ce qu'il voyait comme une tendance majoritaire à la non participation dans la guerre. À partir de son expérience comme historien officiel du théâtre des opérations de la seconde guerre mondiale, le Brigadier Général S. L. A. Marshall écrivit Men Against Fire, dans lequel il fit quelques observations cruciales sur la proportion de tirs parmi les hommes en guerre. En 1976 John Keegan écrivit son définitif Face of Battle à nouveau exclusivement consacré à la guerre. Avec Acts of War, Richard Holmes écrivit un livre clé explorant la nature de la guerre. Mais le lien entre meurtre et guerre est comme le lien entre sexe et parenté. En effet, cette dernière analogie [Indeed, this last analogy applies across the board] Tous les auteurs précédents ont écrit des livres sur les liens de parenté (c'est à dire, la guerre), tandis que ce livre traite de l'acte lui-même : du meurtre. Ces auteurs précédents ont examiné les mécanismes généraux et la nature de la guerre, mais même avec tous ces traités, aucun n'a pénétré la nature spécifique de l'acte de tuer : l'intimité et l'impact psychologique de l'acte, les phases de l'acte, les implications sociales et psychologiques et les répercussions de l'acte, et les désordres résultants (incluant l'impuissance et l'obsession). On Killing est une humble tentative pour rectifier cela. Et ce faisant, il dessine une nouvelle et rassurante conclusion sur la nature humaine : en dépit d'une tradition ininterrompue de violence et de guerre, l'homme n'est par nature pas un tueur. |
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